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Menampilkan postingan dari Januari, 2012

European emission standards

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European emission standards  define the acceptable limits for exhaust emissions of new vehicles sold in  EU  member states. The  emission standards  are defined in a series of  European Union directives  staging the progressive introduction of increasingly stringent standards. Simplified chart showing the progression of European emission standards for  Diesel cars. Currently, emissions of  nitrogen oxides  (NO x ),  total hydrocarbon  (THC),  non-methane hydrocarbons  (NMHC),  carbon monoxide  (CO) and  particulate matter (PM) are regulated for most  vehicle types , including cars, lorries, trains, tractors and similar machinery,  barges , but excluding seagoing ships and aeroplanes. For each vehicle type, different standards apply. Compliance is determined by running the engine at a standardised  test cycle . Non-compliant vehicles cannot be sold in the EU, but new standards do not apply to vehicles already on the roads. No use of specific technologies is mandated t